List of coupled cousins

This is a list of notable individuals who have been romantically or maritally coupled with a cousin.

Notable people

John Adams II

A

John Adams II (1803–1834) and his first cousin, Mary Catherine Hellen
Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin and his first cousin, Fatimah bint Hasan
Mark Antony and his first cousin, Antonia Hybrida Minor

B

Josiah Bartlett (1729–1795), second signer of the United States Declaration of Independence, and his first cousin, Mary Bartlett^[1]
Ilsley Boone (1879–1968) and his first cousin, Ella Murray "Mae" Boone, founder of the American Sunbathing Association, which today is known as the American Association for Nude Recreation
James Boswell (1740–95) (biographer of Samuel Johnson) and Boswell's cousin Peggie Montgomerie married in 1769.^[2]
Christine Boutin (b. 1944), French politician and her first cousin, Louis Boutin^[3]
Wernher von Braun and his first cousin, Maria Luise von Quistorp^[4]
Charles Bulfinch (1763–1844), American architect, and his first cousin, Hannah Apthorp^[5]

C

Quintus Caecilius Metellus Celer and his first cousin, Clodia

D

Charles Darwin and his first cousin, Emma Wedgwood^[6] Their respective siblings Caroline Darwin and Josiah Wedgwood III also married.^[7]
Pierre S. du Pont married his first cousin, Alice Belin, in 1915
Andrew Jackson Donelson (1799-1871), American diplomat and his first cousin, Emily Donelson (1807-1836); later, his first cousin, Elizabeth Martin Randolph

E

Albert Einstein and his first cousin, Elsa Löwenthal née Einstein^[8]
William Crowninshield Endicott (1826-1900), former US Secretary of War, and his first cousin, Ellen Peabody^[9]

F

Vivian Fuchs, British explorer, and his cousin Joyce Connell^[10]

G

Carlo Gambino (1902-1976), a mob boss, and his first cousin, Catherine Castellano^[11]
Buddha Gautama and first cousin Yaśodhara
André Gide, Nobel Prize-winning French author, and his cousin Madeleine Rondeaux^[12]
Charlotte Perkins Gilman, American author, and her first cousin, George Houghton Gilman^[13]
Carl Giles, cartoonist, and his cousin, Joan Giles
A. D. Gordon and his cousin, Faige Tartakov.
Laurent Gouvion, French general and later Marshal of the Empire, and his first cousin, Anne Gouvion
Samuel L. Gouverneur and his first cousin, Maria Hester Monroe
Duncan Grant, Scottish painter, who was in a relationship with his male cousin, the English writer Lytton Strachey.^[14]
Bibb Graves, and his first cousin, Dixie Bibb
Edvard Grieg, Norwegian composer, and his first cousin, Nina Hagerup^[15]

H

Friedrich Hayek, Austrian-British economist, and his cousin Helene Bitterlich^[16]
Alexander Herzen, Russian writer and political activist, and his cousin Natalya Zakharina^[17]
Saddam Hussein and his first cousin Sajida Talfah

J

Jacob was married to two of his first cousins, sisters Leah and Rachel
Ja'far al-Sadiq (700 or 702 - 765), Muslim scholar, and his first cousin, Fatima bint al-Hussain'l-Athram bin al-Hasan bin Ali
Jesse James (1847-1882), American outlaw and guerilla, and his first cousin, Zerelda "Zee" Mimms (1845-1900)^[18]
Jón Sigurðsson, leader of the 19th-century Icelandic independence movement, and his first cousin, Ingibjörg Einarsdóttir

K

Naoto Kan (b. 1946), former Prime Minister of Japan, and his first cousin, Nobuko Himei (b. 1945), essayist^[19]
Nobusuke Kishi (1896-1987), former Japanese statesman, and his first cousin, Yoshiko Kishi^[20]
Kujō Michiie (1193-1252), Japanese regent, and his first cousin, Saionji Rinshi

L

David Lean, British film director, and his first cousin, Isabel Lean (his first wife)^[21]
Charles Lilburn Lewis and his first cousin, Lucy Jefferson Lewis
Li Ka-shing, founder of Cheung Kong Holdings, married his first cousin Chong Yuet Ming, who died in 1990
John Amory Lowell and his first cousin, Susan Cabot Lowell

M

John A. Macdonald, first prime minister of Canada, and his first cousin, Isabella Clark^[22]
Rob Roy MacGregor and his cousin Mary Helen MacGregor of Comar, who married in January 1693
Gerardo Machado y Morales, fifth president of Cuba, and his first cousin, Elvira Machado Nodal^[23]
Maeda Toshiie, Japanese Daimyō in the 15th century, and his cousin, Matsu.^{[citation needed]}
Delarivier Manley, British playwright and political satirist, and her first cousin John Manley^[24]
Francis Marion, American revolutionary leader also called the "Swamp Fox," and his first cousin, Mary Esther Videau^[25]
Humphrey Marshall and his first cousin, Anna Maria ("Mary") Marshall.
Abraham Maslow, father of humanistic psychology, and his first cousin, Bertha Goodman^[26]
Matthew Fontaine Maury married his first cousin, Ann Hull Herndon, sister of Captain William Lewis Herndon, who died on his ship SS Central America^{[citation needed]}
Darius Milhaud, French composer, and his first cousin Madeleine Milhaud^[27]
Christopher Robin Milne, son of author A. A. Milne who was the model for the character Christopher Robin of the Winnie-the-Pooh books, and his first cousin Lesley Sélincourt
Marina Mora, Peruvian beauty queen and former Miss Peru, and her first cousin Gustavo Mora^[28]
Mōri Terumoto, Japanese Daimyo in late 15th and early 16th century, and his cousin (first wife), Minami no Kata.^{[citation needed]}
Ignacy Mościcki, Polish chemist and president and his first cousin, Michalina Czyżewska
Muhammad, Islamic prophet (c. 570 - 632) and his first cousin, Zaynab bint Jahsh

N

Naoe Kanetsugu (1559-1620), Japanese samurai and Karō of the Uesugi clan in 15th and 16th century, and his cousin, Osen.^{[citation needed]}

O

Ōtomo no Yakamochi (c. 718 - 785), Japanese statesman and waka poet in the Nara period, and his cousin, Sakanoue no Ōiratsume.^{[citation needed]}

P

Edgar Allan Poe and his first cousin, Virginia Clemm^[29]
John J. Pettus and his first cousin, Permelia Virginia Winston
Peter A. Porter and his first cousin, Mary Cabell Breckinridge
Bolesław Prus, Polish novelist, and his cousin Oktawia Trembińska^[30]

R

Sergei Rachmaninoff, composer, and his cousin, Natalia Satina^[31]
Satyajit Ray, Indian film-maker, and his first cousin, Bijoya Ray^[32]
Lionel de Rothschild and his first cousin, Charlotte von Rothschild
Nathaniel de Rothschild and his first cousin, Charlotte de Rothschild
Anselm Salomon von Rothschild (1803-1874) and his first cousin, Charlotte Nathan Rothschild
Mayer Carl von Rothschild (1820-1886) and his first cousin, Louise von Rothschild
Hassan Rouhani (b. 1948), 7th president of Iran and his first cousin Sahebeh Rouhani née Arabi (b. 1954)

S

Eisaku Satō, prime minister of Japan, and his cousin, Hiroko Sato^[33]
Greta Scacchi, actress of Presumed Innocent, and her first cousin, Carlo Mantegazza^[34]
Igor Stravinsky, composer, and his first cousin, Katerina Nossenko^[35]

T

Toyotomi Hideyori, Japanese daimyō, a son of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and his cousin Senhime^[36]

U

Uthman Abu Quhafa (538 or 540 - 635), father of the first Rashidun Caliph, Abu Bakr and his first cousin, Salma Umm al-Khair (d. between 632 and 634)

V

Mario Vargas Llosa, Peruvian writer and 2010 Nobel laureate, and his first cousin Patricia Llosa^[37]

W

Gordon Welchman, Bletchley Park mathematician-cryptologist, and his cousin, Elisabeth Huber (his third wife)^[38]
H. G. Wells, author, and his first cousin, Isabel Mary Wells (his first wife)^[39]
William Whipple, signer of the Declaration of Independence, and his first cousin, Catherine Moffatt^[40]
John A. Winston and his first cousin, Mary Agness Jones
Henry Winthrop and his first cousin Elizabeth Fones

Y

Annie Henrietta Yule, breeder of Arab horses at Hanstead Stud in England, and her cousin Sir David Yule, 1st Baronet, Scottish business based in British India^[41]

Royalty in Europe

The royal couples listed below are marriages that have occurred between first cousins from royal or noble houses. Such royal intermarriages have been common, as it has generally been deemed inappropriate for royals to marry commoners.

Person	Spouse	Married	Common ancestors
Adolf I, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe	Princess Hermine of Waldeck and Pyrmont	25 October 1844	George I, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont and Princess Augusta of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
Adolf Frederick I, Duke of Mecklenburg	Anna Maria of Ostfriesland (first wife)	4 September 1622	Adolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp and Christine of Hesse
Afonso V of Portugal	Isabel of Coimbra (first wife)	6 May 1447	John I of Portugal and Philippa of Lancaster
Prince Albert of Prussia	Princess Marianne of the Netherlands	14 September 1830	Frederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
Albert VII, Archduke of Austria	Isabella Clara Eugenia	18 April 1599	Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and Isabella of Portugal
Alfonso V of Aragon	Maria of Castile, Queen of Aragon	12 June 1415	John I of Castile and Eleanor of Aragon, Queen of Castile
Alfonso IX of León	Theresa of Portugal, Queen of León (first wife)	15 February 1191	Afonso I of Portugal and Matilda of Savoy, Queen of Portugal
Alfonso XI of Castile	Maria of Portugal, Queen of Castile (second wife)	1328	Sancho IV of Castile and María de Molina; Denis of Portugal and Elizabeth of Portugal
Alfonso XII of Spain	Mercedes of Orléans (first wife)	Atocha, Madrid, 23 January 1878	Ferdinand VII of Spain and Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies
Prince Alfonso, Count of Caserta	Princess Maria Antonietta of Bourbon-Two Sicilies	8 June 1868	Francis I of the Two Sicilies and María Isabella of Spain
Prince Alfred of Liechtenstein	Princess Henriette of Liechtenstein	26 April 1865	Johann I Joseph and Landgravine Josepha of Fürstenberg-Weitra
Prince Amedeo, Duke of Aosta	Princess Anne of Orléans	5 November 1927	Prince Philippe, Count of Paris and Princess Marie Isabelle of Orléans
Infante Antonio, Duke of Galliera	Infanta Eulalia of Spain	6 March 1886	Ferdinand VII of Spain and Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies
Prince August Wilhelm of Prussia	Princess Alexandra Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg	22 October 1908	Frederick VIII, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein and Princess Adelheid of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
Infante Carlos, Count of Montemolin	Princess Maria Carolina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies	10 July 1850	Charles IV of Spain and Maria Luisa of Parma
Catherine Pavlovna of Russia	Duke George of Oldenburg (first husband)	3 August 1809	Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and Princess Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt
Catherine Pavlovna of Russia	William I of Württemberg (second husband)	Saint Petersburg, 24 January 1816	Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and Princess Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt
Charles the Bold	Isabella of Bourbon (second wife)	Lille, 30 October 1454	John the Fearless and Margaret of Bavaria
Charles IV of Spain	Maria Luisa of Parma	La Granja Palace, 4 September 1765	Philip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese
Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine	Nicole, Duchess of Lorraine	23 May 1621	Charles III, Duke of Lorraine and Claude of France
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor	Isabella of Portugal	Seville, 10 March 1526	Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile
Charles XIII of Sweden	Hedvig Elisabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp	7 July 1774	Christian August of Holstein-Gottorp, Prince of Eutin and Princess Albertina Frederica of Baden-Durlach
Prince Charles of Hesse-Kassel	Princess Louise of Denmark	30 August 1766	George II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach
Charles, Duke of Aumale	Marie of Lorraine (daughter of René, Marquis of Elbeuf)	10 November 1576	Claude, Duke of Guise and Antoinette of Bourbon
Charles Alexander, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach	Princess Sophie of the Netherlands	8 October 1842	Paul I of Russia and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg
Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy	Françoise Madeleine d'Orléans (first wife)	4 March 1663	Henry IV of France and Marie de' Medici
Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden	Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt	15 July 1775	Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg
Charles Lucien Bonaparte	Zénaïde Bonaparte	29 June 1822	Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino
Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria	Countess Palatine Elisabeth Auguste of Sulzbach	17 January 1742	Theodore Eustace, Count Palatine of Sulzbach and Princess Maria Eleonore of Hesse-Rotenburg
Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg	Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma	6 November 1919	Miguel I of Portugal and Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
Christian VII of Denmark	Princess Caroline Matilda of Wales	Christiansborg Palace, Copenhagen, 8 November 1766	George II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach
Christian VIII of Denmark	Duchess Charlotte Frederica of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (first wife)	Ludwigslust, 21 June 1806	Duke Louis of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Princess Charlotte Sophie of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Prince Christian of Schaumburg-Lippe	Princess Feodora of Denmark	9 September 1937	Frederick VIII of Denmark and Louise of Sweden
Christian Albrecht, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg	Caroline of Stolberg-Gedern	13 April 1761	Louis Crato, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken and Countess Philippine Henriette of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
Christian Ernst, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth	Erdmuthe Sophie of Saxony (first wife) (daughter of John George II, Elector of Saxony)	29 October 1662	Christian, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth and Marie of Prussia, Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
Drusus Julius Caesar	Livilla	AD 4	Tiberius Claudius Nero and Livia
Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria	Archduke Karl Ferdinand of Austria (second husband)	Vienna, 18 April 1854	Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain
Margravine Elisabeth Sophie of Brandenburg	Frederick Casimir Kettler (first husband)	29 April 1691	George William, Elector of Brandenburg and Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate, Electress of Brandenburg
Ernest Augustus, King of Hanover	Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz	Carlton House, London, 29 August 1815	Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg and Princess Elisabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen
Ernest Günther, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg	Princess Augusta of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg	15 June 1651	John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg and Elisabeth of Brunswick-Grubenhagen
Ernest Leopold, Landgrave of Hesse-Rotenburg	Eleonore of Löwenstein-Wertheim	9 November 1704	Ferdinand Karl, Count of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort and Countess Anna Maria of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg
Ernst Ludwig I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen	Dorothea Marie of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (first wife)	19 September 1704	Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha and Princess Elisabeth Sophie of Saxe-Altenburg
Duke Eugen of Württemberg	Princess Mathilde of Schaumburg-Lippe (daughter of George William, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe)	15 July 1843	George I, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont and Princess Augusta of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
Ferdinand I of Naples	Joanna of Aragon, Queen of Naples	14 September 1477	Ferdinand I of Aragon and Eleanor of Alburquerque
Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor	Maria Anna of Bavaria (first wife)	23 April 1600	Albert V, Duke of Bavaria and Archduchess Anna of Austria
Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor	Maria Anna of Spain (first wife)	20 February 1631	Charles II, Archduke of Austria and Maria Anna of Bavaria
Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor	Maria Leopoldine of Austria (second wife)	2 July 1648	Charles II, Archduke of Austria and Maria Anna of Bavaria
Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany	Luisa of Naples and Sicily (first wife)	Florence, 15 August 1790	Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa; Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony
Ferdinand VII of Spain	Princess Maria Antonia of Naples and Sicily (first wife)	6 October 1802	Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony
Prince Ferdinand of Bavaria	Infanta María Teresa of Spain	12 January 1906	Isabella II of Spain and Francisco de Asís, Duke of Cádiz
Ferdinand, Duke of Viseu	Beatriz, Duchess of Viseu	1447	John I of Portugal and Philippa of Lancaster
Ferdinand Charles, Archduke of Austria	Anna de' Medici, Archduchess of Austria	10 June 1646	Charles II, Archduke of Austria and Maria Anna of Bavaria; Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Christina of Lorraine
Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany	Vittoria della Rovere	26 September 1633	Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Christina of Lorraine
Francesco II d'Este, Duke of Modena	Margherita Maria Farnese	14 July 1692	Francesco I d'Este, Duke of Modena and Maria Caterina Farnese
Francis I of the Two Sicilies	Archduchess Maria Clementina of Austria (first wife)	Foggia, 26 June 1797	Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa; Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony
Francis I of the Two Sicilies	María Isabella of Spain (second wife)	Barcelona, 6 July 1820	Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony
Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor	Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily (second wife)	15 September 1790	Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa; Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony
Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor	Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este (third wife)	6 January 1808	Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa
Franz Joseph I of Austria	Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria	St. Augustine's Church, Vienna, 24 April 1854	Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and Caroline of Baden
Frederick I of Sweden	Princess Luise Dorothea of Prussia (first wife)	31 May 1700	William VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Hedwig Sophie of Brandenburg
Frederick I of Prussia	Elisabeth Henriette of Hesse-Kassel (first wife)	1679	George William, Elector of Brandenburg and Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate, Electress of Brandenburg
Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg	Princess Magdalena Augusta of Anhalt-Zerbst	7 June 1696	Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels and Anna Maria of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Frederick III, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg	Princess Luise Dorothea of Saxe-Meiningen	17 September 1729	Frederick I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg and Magdalena Sibylla of Saxe-Weissenfels
Frederick IV, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp	Hedvig Sophia of Sweden	12 May 1698	Frederick III of Denmark and Sophie Amalie of Brunswick-Calenberg
Frederick IV, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg	Ulrike Louise of Solms-Braunfels	10 October 1746	Wilhelm Moritz, Count of Solms-Braunfels and Magdalena Sophie of Hesse-Homburg
Frederick VI of Denmark	Marie Sophie of Hesse-Kassel	Gottorp, 31 July 1790	Frederick V of Denmark and Louise of Great Britain
Prince Frederick of the Netherlands	Princess Louise of Prussia	21 May 1825	Frederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
Prince Frederick of Württemberg	Princess Catherine of Württemberg	20 November 1845	Frederick I of Württemberg and Duchess Augusta of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Frederick Christian, Elector of Saxony	Duchess Maria Antonia of Bavaria	13 June 1747	Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor and Wilhelmine Amalie of Brunswick
Frederick William I of Prussia	Sophia Dorothea of Hanover	28 November 1706	Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover and Sophia of Hanover
Frederick William II of Prussia	Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Crown Princess of Prussia (first wife)	Schloss Salzdahlum, 14 July 1765	Frederick William I of Prussia and Sophia Dorothea of Hanover; Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Princess Antoinette of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Frederick William, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz	Princess Augusta of Cambridge	28 June 1843	Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Caroline of Nassau-Usingen
Friedrich Günther, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt	Auguste of Anhalt-Dessau (first wife)	15 April 1816	Frederick V, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg and Princess Caroline of Hesse-Darmstadt
Friedrich Josias, Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha	Countess Viktoria-Luise of Solms-Baruth	25 January 1942	Friedrich Ferdinand, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein and Princess Karoline Mathilde of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg
George I of Great Britain	Sophia Dorothea of Celle	22 November 1682	George, Duke of Brunswick-Calenberg and Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt
George IV	Caroline of Brunswick	Chapel Royal, St. James's Palace, 8 April 1795	Frederick, Prince of Wales and Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha
Gian Galeazzo Visconti	Caterina Visconti	Church of San Giovanni in Conca, 2 October 1380	Stefano Visconti and Valentina Doria
Gustav, Prince of Vasa	Princess Louise Amelie of Baden	9 November 1830	Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden and Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt
Haakon VII of Norway	Maud of Wales	Buckingham Palace, 22 July 1896	Christian IX of Denmark and Louise of Hesse-Kassel
Şehzade Halil	Irene Palaiologina (daughter of John V Palaiologos)	28 May 1347	John VI Kantakouzenos and Irene Asanina
Hans-Adam I	Erdmuthe Maria Theresia of Dietrichstein	16 February 1681	Maximilian, Prince of Dietrichstein and Princess Anna Maria of Liechtenstein
Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale	Princess Maria Carolina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies	25 November 1844	Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Carolina of Austria
Henri, Prince of Condé	Marie of Cleves, Princess of Condé (first wife)	1572	Charles, Duke of Vendôme and Françoise d'Alençon
Henrietta of England	Philippe I, Duke of Orléans	31 March 1661	Henry IV of France and Marie de' Medici
Henry IV of Castile	Blanche II of Navarre (first wife)	1440	Ferdinand I of Aragon and Eleanor of Alburquerque
Henry IV of Castile	Joan of Portugal (second wife)	21 May 1455	Ferdinand I of Aragon and Eleanor of Alburquerque
Henry, Duke of Villena	Infanta Catherine, Duchess of Villena	November 1418	John I of Castile and Eleanor of Aragon, Queen of Castile
Princess Irene of Hesse and by Rhine	Prince Henry of Prussia	24 May 1888	Queen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort
Isabella II of Spain	Francisco de Asís, Duke of Cádiz	10 October 1846	Charles IV of Spain and Maria Luisa of Parma; Francis I of the Two Sicilies and María Isabella of Spain
Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut	John IV, Duke of Brabant (second husband)	10 March 1418	Philip the Bold and Margaret III, Countess of Flanders
Prince Jean, Duke of Guise	Princess Isabelle of Orléans	30 October 1899	Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans and Duchess Helene of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
João I, Duke of Braganza	Catarina of Portugal, Duchess of Braganza	1563	Jaime, Duke of Braganza and Leonor Pérez de Guzmán
João Manuel, Prince of Portugal	Joanna of Austria, Princess of Portugal	Lisbon, 20 January 1554	Philip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile; Manuel I of Portugal and Maria of Aragon, Queen of Portugal
Johann Nepomuk Karl, Prince of Liechtenstein	Countess Maria Josepha of Harrach-Rohrau (daughter of Friedrich August von Harrach-Rohrau)	19 March 1744	Anton Florian, Prince of Liechtenstein and Countess Eleonore Barbara of Thun-Hohenstein
John II of Portugal	Eleanor of Viseu	22 January 1470	Edward, King of Portugal and Eleanor of Aragon, Queen of Portugal
John II of Castile	Maria of Aragon, Queen of Castile (first wife)	1418	John I of Castile and Eleanor of Aragon, Queen of Castile
John III of Portugal	Catherine of Austria, Queen of Portugal	10 February 1525	Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile
John V of Portugal	Maria Anna of Austria	27 October 1708	Philip William, Elector Palatine and Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt
John, Duke of Östergötland	Princess Maria Elizabeth of Sweden	29 November 1612	Gustav I of Sweden and Margaret Leijonhufvud
Joseph Wenzel I	Anna Maria of Liechtenstein	1718	Prince Hartmann III of Liechtenstein (son of Gundakar, Prince of Liechtenstein) and Countess Sidonie Elisabeth of Salm-Reifferscheidt
Julia Livia	Nero Julius Caesar (first husband)	AD 20	Nero Claudius Drusus and Antonia Minor
Julia the Elder	Marcus Claudius Marcellus	Rome, 25 BC	Gaius Octavius and Atia
Julia Drusilla	Marcus Aemilius Lepidus	November 37	Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa and Julia the Elder
Karl, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg	Princess Vilhelmine Marie of Denmark	19 May 1838	Prince Charles of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Louise of Denmark
Prince Karl Anton of Hohenzollern	Princess Joséphine Caroline of Belgium	28 May 1894	Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern and Princess Josephine of Baden
Prince Karl Anton August of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck	Countess Charlotte of Dohna-Leistenau	Königsberg, 30 May 1754	Frederick Louis, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck and Louise Charlotte of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg
Karl August, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont	Countess Palatine Christiane Henriette of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld	19 August 1741	Christian II, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld and Countess Katharina Agathe of Rappoltstein
Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria	Princess Margaretha of Saxony (first wife)	4 November 1856	Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and Caroline of Baden
Archduke Karl Salvator of Austria	Princess Maria Immaculata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies	19 September 1861	Francis I of the Two Sicilies and María Isabella of Spain
Karl Theodor, Duke in Bavaria	Princess Sophie of Saxony	11 February 1865	Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and Caroline of Baden
Knud, Hereditary Prince of Denmark	Princess Caroline-Mathilde of Denmark	8 September 1933	Frederick VIII of Denmark and Louise of Sweden
Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany	Princess Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies (second wife)	Naples, 7 June 1833	Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Carolina of Austria
Louis I of Etruria	Maria Luisa, Duchess of Lucca	5 August 1795	Philip, Duke of Parma and Louise Élisabeth of France
Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse	Princess Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt	19 February 1777	Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg
Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse	Princess Wilhelmine of Baden	19 June 1804	Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken
Louis XIV	Maria Theresa of Spain	Saint Jean-Baptiste Church, Saint-Jean-de-Luz, 9 June 1660	Henry IV of France and Marie de' Medici; Philip III of Spain and Margaret of Austria, Queen of Spain
Louis of Cyprus	Charlotte, Queen of Cyprus	7 October 1459	Janus of Cyprus and Charlotte of Bourbon, Queen of Cyprus
Louis Armand II, Prince of Conti	Louise Élisabeth de Bourbon	9 July 1713	Henri Jules, Prince of Condé and Anne Henriette of Bavaria
Louis François Joseph, Prince of Conti	Maria Fortunata d'Este	7 February 1759	Philippe II, Duke of Orléans and Françoise Marie de Bourbon
Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon	Marie Anne de Bourbon	9 August 1713	Henri Jules, Prince of Condé and Anne Henriette of Bavaria
Prince Ludwig of Bavaria	Princess Irmingard of Bavaria	July 20, 1950	Ludwig III of Bavaria and Maria Theresa of Austria-Este
Prince Ludwig Ferdinand of Bavaria	Infanta María de la Paz of Spain	April 2, 1883	Infante Francisco de Paula of Spain and Luisa Carlotta of the Two Sicilies
Marcus Aurelius	Faustina the Younger	13 May 145	Marcus Annius Verus and Rupilia
Marie Thérèse of France	Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême	Mittau, Courland, 10 June 1799	Louis, Dauphin of France and Maria Josepha of Saxony, Dauphine of France
Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor	Anna of Tyrol	4 December 1611	Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria	Elisabeth of Lorraine (first wife)	9 February 1595	Francis I, Duke of Lorraine and Christina of Denmark
Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor	Maria of Austria, Holy Roman Empress	13 September 1548	Philip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile
Maximilian III Joseph, Elector of Bavaria	Maria Anna Sophia of Saxony	9 July 1747	Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor and Wilhelmine Amalie of Brunswick
Miguel, Duke of Braganza	Princess Maria Theresa of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (second wife)	Kleinheubach, 8 November 1893	Constantine, Hereditary Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg and Princess Agnes of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
Napoléon Louis Bonaparte	Charlotte Bonaparte	1823	Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino
Nicholas Francis, Duke of Lorraine	Claude Françoise de Lorraine	18 February 1634	Charles III, Duke of Lorraine and Claude of France
Olav V of Norway	Princess Märtha of Sweden	Oslo Cathedral, 21 March 1929	Frederick VIII of Denmark and Louise of Sweden
Duke Paul Frederick of Mecklenburg	Princess Marie of Windisch-Graetz	5 May 1881	Paul Frederick, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Princess Alexandrine of Prussia
Infante Pedro Carlos of Spain and Portugal	Maria Teresa, Princess of Beira	13 May 1810	Maria I of Portugal and Peter III of Portugal
Philibert I, Duke of Savoy	Bianca Maria Sforza	6 January 1474	Louis, Duke of Savoy and Anne of Cyprus
Philip II of Spain	Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal (first wife)	15 November 1543	Philip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile; Manuel I of Portugal and Maria of Aragon, Queen of Portugal
Philipp Reinhard, Count of Hanau-Münzenberg	Countess Palatine Magdalena Claudia of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld-Bischweiler	27 February 1689	Christian I, Count Palatine of Birkenfeld-Bischweiler and Countess Palatine Magdalene Catherine of Zweibrücken
Philippe II, Duke of Orléans	Françoise Marie de Bourbon	18 February 1692	Louis XIII and Anne of Austria
Prince Philippe, Count of Paris	Princess Marie Isabelle of Orléans	30 May 1864	Louis Philippe I and Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily
Archduke Rainer Ferdinand of Austria	Archduchess Maria Karoline of Austria	21 February 1852	Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain
Prince Ranieri, Duke of Castro	Maria Carolina Zamoyska (daughter of Andrzej Przemysław Zamoyski)	12 September 1923	Prince Francis, Count of Trapani and Archduchess Maria Isabella of Austria
Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of Parma	Isabella d'Este, Duchess of Parma (second wife)	18 February 1664	Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma and Margherita Aldobrandini
Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of Parma	Maria d'Este (third wife)	1 October 1668	Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma and Margherita Aldobrandini
Prince Robert, Duke of Chartres	Princess Françoise of Orléans	11 June 1863	Louis Philippe I and Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily
Teodósio I, Duke of Braganza	Isabel de Lencastre (first wife) (daughter of Dinis of Braganza, Count of Lemos)	1542	Fernando II, Duke of Braganza and Isabel of Viseu
Umberto I of Italy	Margherita of Savoy	21 April 1868	Charles Albert of Sardinia and Maria Theresa of Austria
Victor Emmanuel II of Italy	Adelaide of Austria	Palazzina di caccia of Stupinigi, 12 April 1842	Charles Emmanuel, Prince of Carignano and Princess Maria Christina of Saxony
Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha	Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse (first husband)	Schloss Ehrenburg, Coburg, 9 April 1894	Queen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort
Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha	Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich of Russia (second husband)	Tegernsee, 8 October 1905	Alexander II of Russia and Marie of Hesse
Queen Victoria	Albert, Prince Consort	Chapel Royal, St. James's Palace, 10 February 1840	Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld and Countess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf
Vincenzo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua	Eleanor de' Medici (second wife)	29 April 1584	Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
Prince Wilhelm of Prussia	Princess Maria Anna of Hesse-Homburg	10 January 1804	Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken
William I of the Netherlands	Wilhelmine of Prussia, Queen of the Netherlands	Berlin, 1 October 1791	Prince Augustus William of Prussia and Duchess Luise of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
William I of Württemberg	Pauline Therese of Württemberg (third wife)	5 April 1820	Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and Princess Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt
William I, Elector of Hesse	Princess Wilhelmina Caroline of Denmark	1 September 1764	George II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach
William III of the Netherlands	Sophie of Württemberg (first wife)	Stuttgart, 18 June 1839	Paul I of Russia and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg
William III of England	Mary II of England	4 November 1677	Charles I of England and Henrietta Maria
Duke William of Mecklenburg-Schwerin	Princess Alexandrine of Prussia	9 December 1865	Frederick William III of Prussia and Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Prince William Frederick, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh	Princess Mary, Duchess of Gloucester and Edinburgh	22 July 1816	Frederick, Prince of Wales and Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha
Władysław IV Vasa	Cecilia Renata of Austria (first wife)	Vienna, 9 August 1637	Charles II, Archduke of Austria and Maria Anna of Bavaria

Royalty outside Europe

Japan

Emperor Montoku and his first cousin, Fujiwara no Akirakeiko
Emperor Reizei and his cousins, Princess Masako, Fujiwara no Kaishi, and Fujiwara no Chōshi
Emperor Ichijō and his first cousin, Empress Shōshi
Emperor Go-Suzaku and his first cousin, Princess Teishi
Emperor Go-Sanjō and his cousins, Princess Kaoruko and Fujiwara Shigeko
Emperor Go-Reizei and his first cousin, Princess Shōshi
Emperor Toba and his first cousin, Fujiwara no Tamako

Saudi Arabia

Faisal of Saudi Arabia and his first cousin, Al Jawhara bint Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Saud Al Kabir
Salman of Saudi Arabia and his first cousin, Sultana bint Turki Al Sudairi
Badr bin Abdulaziz Al Saud and his first cousin, Hessa bint Abdullah Al Sudairi
Sara bint Abdulaziz Al Saud and her first cousin, Faisal bin Saad bin Abdulrahaman
Khalid bin Sultan Al Saud and his first cousins, Lulua bint Fahd and Abeer bint Turki bin Abdulaziz
Muhammad bin Fahd Al Saud and his first cousin, Jawahir bint Nayef bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
Khalid bin Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Saud and his first cousin, Noura bint Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Abdullah
Muhammad bin Nayef and his first cousin Reema bint Sultan
Salman bin Sultan Al Saud and his first cousin, Falwa bint Ahmed bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
Faisal bin Turki I Al Saud and his first cousin, Hassa bint Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
Faisal bin Fahd bin Abdulaziz Al Saud and his first cousin, Munira bint Sultan bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
Fahd bin Salman Al Saud and his first cousin, Nuf bint Khalid bin Abdallah Al Abdul Rahman
Faisal bin Abdullah bin Mohammed Al Saud and his first cousin, Adila bint Abdullah Al Saud
Bandar bin Khalid Al Faisal and his first cousin, Nouf bint Mohammed bin Abdullah bin Mohammed Al Saud

Qatar

Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani and his first cousin, Sheikha Noora bint Khalid Al-Thani
Abdullah bin Khalifa Al Thani and his first cousin, Lolwa bint Jassim bin Hamad
Hamad bin Suhaim Al Thani and his first cousin, Aisha bint Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani
Saud bin Abdelaziz bin Hamad Al Thani and his first cousins, Roda bint Jassim bin Hamad bin Abdullah Al Thani and Lolwa bint Mohammed bin Hamad bin Abdullah Al Thani
Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani and his cousins, Amna bint Hassan bin Abdulla Al Thani, Rudha bint Jassim bin Jabr Al Thani, and Moza bint Ali bin Saud Al Thani
Hamad bin Abdullah Al Thani and his first cousin, Sarah bint Mohammed bin Jassim Al Thani
Mohammed bin Jassim Al Thani and his first cousin, Aisha bint Ahmed

Others

Airlangga, regional king of Bali, Indonesia and his first cousin
Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca and his first cousin, Sharifa Abidiya bint Abdullah
Abdullah I of Jordan and his first cousin, Musbah bint Nasser
Talal of Jordan and his first cousin, Zein al-Sharaf Talal
Princess Maqbula bint Abdullah and her first cousin Hussein ibn Nasser
Zaitian, the Guangxu Emperor and his first cousin, Yehenara Jingfen
Rama II and his first cousin, Sri Suriyendra
Prajadhipok and his first cousin, Rambai Barni
Vajiralongkorn and his first cousin, Soamsavali Kitiyakara
Abhakara Kiartivongse and his first cousin, Dibyasambandh
Yugala Dighambara and his first cousin, Chalermkhetra Mangala
Emperor Zhongzong of Tang and his first cousin, Lady Zhao
Emperor Wen of Western Wei and his first cousin, Empress Yifu
Emperor Wu of Han and his first cousin, Empress Chen Jiao
Princess Taiping (daughter of Emperor Gaozong of Tang) and her first husband and first cousin, Xue Shao,
Li Xianhui, Lady Yongtai (daughter of Emperor Zhongzong of Tang) and her first cousin, Wu Yanji, Prince of Wei
Princess Anle and her second husband and first cousin, Wu Yanxiu, Prince of Huaiyang
Xerxes I of Persia and his first cousin, Amestris
Darius and his first cousin, Artaynte
Sisygambis and her first cousin, Arsames
Amyntas IV of Macedon and his first cousin, Cynane
Alexander V of Macedon and his first cousin, Lysandra
Eurydice and her first cousin, Antipater I of Macedon
Antiochus II Theos and his first cousin, Laodice I
Antiochus III the Great and his first cousin, Princess Laodice of Pontus
Mithridates III of Commagene and his first cousin, Princess Isias Philostorgos of Cappadocia
Ariarathes VI of Cappadocia and his first cousin, Laodice of Cappadocia
Antiochus VIII Grypus and his first cousins Tryphaena and Cleopatra Selene of Syria, who later married her other her first cousin, Antiochus IX Cyzicenus, who was previously married to another first cousin, Cleopatra IV
Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates, and his first cousin, Hind bint Maktoum bin Juma Al Maktoum
Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa and his first cousin, Sabika bint Ibrahim Al Khalifa
Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa and his first cousin, Hessa bint Ali Al Khalifa
Khalid bin Hamad Al Khalifa and his first cousin, Hessa bint Mohammed bin Isa Al Khalifa
Mohammed V of Morocco and his first cousin, Lalla Abla bint Tahar
Moulay Ali Alaoui and his first cousin, Lalla Fatima Zohra
Faisal bin Turki, Sultan of Muscat and Oman and his first cousin, Aliya bint Thuwaini Al Said
Hassanal Bolkiah and his first cousin, Queen Saleha of Brunei
Ghazi of Iraq and his first cousin, Aliya bint Ali
Mohammed Nadir Shah and his first cousin, Mah Parwar Begum
Mohammed Zahir Shah and his first cousin, Humaira Begum
Taw Phaya and his first cousin, Phaya Rita
Hazza bin Sultan Al Nahyan and his first cousins, Maryam bint Said bin Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan and Maryam bint Hamdan bin Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan
Herod the Great married an unnamed cousin.
Aristobulus IV and his first cousin, Berenice. Their respective siblings, Cypros II and Antipater IV, also married.
Salampsio and her first cousin, Phasael
Olympias and her first cousin, Joseph ben Joseph
Herod Agrippa and his first cousin, Cypros
Aristobulus of Chalcis and his first cousin, Salome
Jehoash of Judah and his first cousin, Jehoaddan
Aristobulus II and his first cousin, Salome bat Absalom
Alexander of Judaea and his first cousin, Alexandra the Maccabee
Akhenaten and his first cousin, Nefertiti

Aristocracy

Person	Spouse	Married	Common ancestors
Pedro Sánchez de Tagle, 2nd Marquis of Altamira	Luisa Sánchez de Tagle (daughter of Luis Sánchez de Tagle, 1st Marquis of Altamira)		Don Anselmo Sánchez de Tagle and Juliana de la Rasa Barreda
Lord Edward Cavendish	Emma Lascelles (daughter of William Lascelles)	3 August 1865	George Howard, 6th Earl of Carlisle and Georgiana Howard, Countess of Carlisle
Henry Sturt, 1st Baron Alington	Lady Augusta Bingham (first wife) (daughter of George Bingham, 3rd Earl of Lucan)	10 September 1853	Robert Brudenell, 6th Earl of Cardigan and Penelope Brudenell, Countess of Cardigan
George Spencer-Churchill, 6th Duke of Marlborough	Lady Jane Stewart (first wife)	St George's, Hanover Square, London, 13 January 1819	John Stewart, 7th Earl of Galloway and Anne Stewart, Countess of Galloway
George Spencer-Churchill, 6th Duke of Marlborough	Jane Stewart (third wife) (daughter of Edward Richard Stewart)	18 October 1851	John Stewart, 7th Earl of Galloway and Anne Stewart, Countess of Galloway
George Waldegrave, 4th Earl Waldegrave	Elizabeth Waldegrave, Countess Waldegrave	5 May 1782	James Waldegrave, 1st Earl Waldegrave and Mary Webb
Hugh Grosvenor, 1st Duke of Westminster	Lady Constance Leveson-Gower (daughter of George Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 2nd Duke of Sutherland)	28 April 1852	George Leveson-Gower, 1st Duke of Sutherland and Elizabeth Leveson-Gower, Duchess of Sutherland
William FitzClarence, 2nd Earl of Munster	Wilhelmina FitzClarence, Countess of Munster	17 April 1855	William IV and Dorothea Jordan
Francisco de Borbón y de la Torre	Enriqueta de Borbón y Parade, 4th Duchess of Seville (daughter of Enrique de Borbón y Castellví, 2nd Duke of Seville)	21 August 1907	Infante Enrique, Duke of Seville and Elena María de Castellví y Shelly
Edward Russell, 1st Earl of Orford	Lady Margaret Russell (daughter of William Russell, 1st Duke of Bedford)	November 1691	Francis Russell, 4th Earl of Bedford and Catherine Brydges
John Murray, 3rd Duke of Atholl	Charlotte Murray, Duchess of Atholl	23 October 1753	John Murray, 1st Duke of Atholl and Lady Katherine Hamilton
John Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle	Margaret Holles, Duchess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne	1 March 1690	William Pierrepont and Elizabeth Harries
Henry Pelham-Clinton, 2nd Duke of Newcastle	Catherine Pelham (daughter of Henry Pelham)	16 October 1744	Thomas Pelham, 1st Baron Pelham and Lady Grace Holles

References

^ Goodrich, Charles A. (1829). Lives of the Signers to the Declaration of Independence. New York: William Reed & Co. pp. 131–38.
^ Jenny Uglow, "Big Talkers" (review of Leo Damrosch, The Club: Johnson, Boswell, and the Friends Who Shaped an Age, Yale University Press, 473 pp.), The New York Review of Books, vol. LXVI, no. 9 (23 May 2019), p. 28.
^ "Christine Boutin poursuivra en justice ceux qui l'attaquent sur son mari (et cousin germain)", ozap.com, 5-29-2013.
^ Ward, Bob. Dr. Space: The Life of Wernher von Braun. p. 72.
^ Charles Bulfinch biography, nndb.com. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
^ Intimate Disclosures in Darwin Letters, The New York Times, 8-29-1915. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
^ Raven, Peter; Johnson, George (1995). Understanding Biology 3rd Edition. Wm. C. Brown Communications. p. 287. ISBN 0-697-22213-6.
^ Albert Einstein – Great Minds, Great Thinkers, edInformatics. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
^ Notable Kin: Boston Cousins of Queen Victoria and Yankee Ancestors of Mrs. Thomas Philip, New England Historic Genealogical Society. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
^ Riffenburgh, Beau. Encyclopedia of the Antarctic – Volume 1. Taylor & Francis. p. 424.
^ Flood, John J.; McGough, Jim. "Carlo Gambino, His Rise As New York's Mafia King". ipsn.org. Archived from the original on May 16, 2008. Retrieved November 14, 2017.
^ Van Tuyl, Jocelyn (2012). Andre Gide and the Second World War: A Novelist's Occupation. SUNY Press. p. 5.
^ Biographies – Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Gale Group. Retrieved 3-13-2008. Archived April 18, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
^ Spalding, Frances (1998). Duncan Grant: A Biography. Random House. ISBN 0-7126-6640-0.
^ Edward and Nina Grieg, Peter Hughes. Retrieved 3-13-2008. Archived March 14, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
^ Ebenstein, Alan O. (2001). Friedrich Hayek: A Biography. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan Trade. p. 169. ISBN 978-0312233440.
^ Partridge, Monica. Alexander Herzen: 1812–1870. p. 21.
^ Weiser, Kathy. "Zee James – Wife of Jesse James". legendsofamerica.com. Archived from the original on March 23, 2008. Retrieved March 13, 2008.
^ "Subtle change of seasons". The Economist. Retrieved August 6, 2010.
^ "Nobusuke Kishi Biography". Encyclopedia of World Biography. Retrieved March 13, 2008.
^ Maxford, Howard. David Lean. p. 14.
^ The Great Enterprise, CBC. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
^ Gerardo Machado, History of Cuba. Retrieved 1-29-2010.
^ "Delarivier Manely". enotes.com.
^ Brigadier General Francis Marion of the American Army, myrevolutionarywar.com. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
^ Abraham Maslow, nndb.com. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
^ Madeleine Milhaud: Actress wife of the composer, The Independent. Retrieved 9-6-2010.
^ "Marina Mora se casa con su primo hermano". terra.com.pe (in Spanish). Peru. July 31, 2005. Archived from the original on July 27, 2011. Retrieved November 14, 2017.
^ Outlines of English and American Literature, William J. Long. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
^ Tyszkiewicz, Teresa (1971). Bolesław Prus. Warsaw: Państwowe Zakłady Wydawnictw Szkolnych. pp. 28–30.
^ Biography of Sergei Rachmaninoff Archived 2009-05-22 at the Wayback Machine, Sonal Panse. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
^ Kr De, Arup (27 April 2008). "Ties that Bind". The Statesman. Calcutta, India. Satyajit Ray had an unconventional marriage. He married Bijoya (born 1917), youngest daughter of his eldest maternal uncle, Charuchandra Das, in 1948 in a secret ceremony in Bombay after a long romantic relationship that had begun around the time he left college in 1940. The marriage was reconfirmed in Calcutta the next year at a traditional religious ceremony
^ The Wife Tells All, Time Magazine. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
^ This much I know: Greta Scacchi, actor, 48, Sussex, The Observer. Retrieved 1-04-2009.
^ Igor Stravinsky, nndb.com. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
^ Shogun and Samurai – Tales of Nobunaga, Hideyoshi, and Ieyasu, Okanoya Shigezane. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
^ Williams, Raymond L. (2001), Vargas Llosa: otra historia de un deicidio, Mexico: Taurus, p. 54, ISBN 968-19-0814-7
^ "William Gordon Welchman". st-andrews.ac.uk. University of St. Andrews. Retrieved November 14, 2017.
^ "H.G. Wells". TheFreeLibrary.com. March 13, 2008.
^ William Whipple and the Declaration of Independence, Speech given by Comrade Joseph Foster, Paymaster U.S. Navy, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 11-20-1892. Retrieved 3-13-2008.
^ Russell, Iain F. (2004). "Yule family (per. 1863–1928), merchants and industrialists". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/61112. Retrieved 15 January 2019. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

[good-1] Goodrich, Charles A. (1829). Lives of the Signers to the Declaration of Independence. New York: William Reed & Co. pp. 131–38.

[2] Jenny Uglow, "Big Talkers" (review of Leo Damrosch, The Club: Johnson, Boswell, and the Friends Who Shaped an Age, Yale University Press, 473 pp.), The New York Review of Books, vol. LXVI, no. 9 (23 May 2019), p. 28.

[3] "Christine Boutin poursuivra en justice ceux qui l'attaquent sur son mari (et cousin germain)", ozap.com, 5-29-2013.

[4] Ward, Bob. Dr. Space: The Life of Wernher von Braun. p. 72.

[5] Charles Bulfinch biography, nndb.com. Retrieved 3-13-2008.

[6] Intimate Disclosures in Darwin Letters, The New York Times, 8-29-1915. Retrieved 3-13-2008.

[Raven_and_Johnson-7] Raven, Peter; Johnson, George (1995). Understanding Biology 3rd Edition. Wm. C. Brown Communications. p. 287. ISBN 0-697-22213-6.

[8] Albert Einstein – Great Minds, Great Thinkers, edInformatics. Retrieved 3-13-2008.

[9] Notable Kin: Boston Cousins of Queen Victoria and Yankee Ancestors of Mrs. Thomas Philip, New England Historic Genealogical Society. Retrieved 3-13-2008.

[10] Riffenburgh, Beau. Encyclopedia of the Antarctic – Volume 1. Taylor & Francis. p. 424.

[11] Flood, John J.; McGough, Jim. "Carlo Gambino, His Rise As New York's Mafia King". ipsn.org. Archived from the original on May 16, 2008. Retrieved November 14, 2017.

[12] Van Tuyl, Jocelyn (2012). Andre Gide and the Second World War: A Novelist's Occupation. SUNY Press. p. 5.

[13] Biographies – Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Gale Group. Retrieved 3-13-2008. Archived April 18, 2008, at the Wayback Machine

[14] Spalding, Frances (1998). Duncan Grant: A Biography. Random House. ISBN 0-7126-6640-0.

[15] Edward and Nina Grieg, Peter Hughes. Retrieved 3-13-2008. Archived March 14, 2008, at the Wayback Machine

[16] Ebenstein, Alan O. (2001). Friedrich Hayek: A Biography. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan Trade. p. 169. ISBN 978-0312233440.

[17] Partridge, Monica. Alexander Herzen: 1812–1870. p. 21.

[18] Weiser, Kathy. "Zee James – Wife of Jesse James". legendsofamerica.com. Archived from the original on March 23, 2008. Retrieved March 13, 2008.

[19] "Subtle change of seasons". The Economist. Retrieved August 6, 2010.

[20] "Nobusuke Kishi Biography". Encyclopedia of World Biography. Retrieved March 13, 2008.

[21] Maxford, Howard. David Lean. p. 14.

[22] The Great Enterprise, CBC. Retrieved 3-13-2008.

[23] Gerardo Machado, History of Cuba. Retrieved 1-29-2010.

[24] "Delarivier Manely". enotes.com.

[25] Brigadier General Francis Marion of the American Army, myrevolutionarywar.com. Retrieved 3-13-2008.

[26] Abraham Maslow, nndb.com. Retrieved 3-13-2008.

[27] Madeleine Milhaud: Actress wife of the composer, The Independent. Retrieved 9-6-2010.

[28] "Marina Mora se casa con su primo hermano". terra.com.pe (in Spanish). Peru. July 31, 2005. Archived from the original on July 27, 2011. Retrieved November 14, 2017.

[29] Outlines of English and American Literature, William J. Long. Retrieved 3-13-2008.

[30] Tyszkiewicz, Teresa (1971). Bolesław Prus. Warsaw: Państwowe Zakłady Wydawnictw Szkolnych. pp. 28–30.

[31] Biography of Sergei Rachmaninoff Archived 2009-05-22 at the Wayback Machine, Sonal Panse. Retrieved 3-13-2008.

[32] Kr De, Arup (27 April 2008). "Ties that Bind". The Statesman. Calcutta, India. Satyajit Ray had an unconventional marriage. He married Bijoya (born 1917), youngest daughter of his eldest maternal uncle, Charuchandra Das, in 1948 in a secret ceremony in Bombay after a long romantic relationship that had begun around the time he left college in 1940. The marriage was reconfirmed in Calcutta the next year at a traditional religious ceremony

[33] The Wife Tells All, Time Magazine. Retrieved 3-13-2008.

[34] This much I know: Greta Scacchi, actor, 48, Sussex, The Observer. Retrieved 1-04-2009.

[35] Igor Stravinsky, nndb.com. Retrieved 3-13-2008.

[36] Shogun and Samurai – Tales of Nobunaga, Hideyoshi, and Ieyasu, Okanoya Shigezane. Retrieved 3-13-2008.

[37] Williams, Raymond L. (2001), Vargas Llosa: otra historia de un deicidio, Mexico: Taurus, p. 54, ISBN 968-19-0814-7

[38] "William Gordon Welchman". st-andrews.ac.uk. University of St. Andrews. Retrieved November 14, 2017.

[39] "H.G. Wells". TheFreeLibrary.com. March 13, 2008.

[40] William Whipple and the Declaration of Independence, Speech given by Comrade Joseph Foster, Paymaster U.S. Navy, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 11-20-1892. Retrieved 3-13-2008.

[41] Russell, Iain F. (2004). "Yule family (per. 1863–1928), merchants and industrialists". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/61112. Retrieved 15 January 2019. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

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